Google Cloud’s Data Center Locations: Regions and Availability Zones

Google Cloud Platform (GCP), the cloud computing service of Alphabet Inc, provides compute, storage, and networking services through its data centers in 25 countries and nearly 40 locations around the world. Growth in Google Cloud regions and the company’s core products and platforms, such as Gmail, Google Drive, Google Maps, Google Photos, Google Play, Search, and YouTube, are fueling the company’s need for more data center capacity.

In total, Google operates or is developing 35 data centers around the world. These data centers support Google’s current and planned 49 cloud regions – a physical location where it clusters data centers – that are designed to be highly available, fault-tolerant, and concurrently maintainable.

Alphabet Inc’s Google Cloud unit earns revenue from the fees it charges for its infrastructure, platform, and other services. For the latest quarter, Google Cloud generated $8.0 billion in revenue, an increase of 28% year-over-year. Therefore, on an annualized basis, Google Cloud produces over $32 billion of revenue.

Dgtl Infra reviews Google Cloud’s regions, availability zones, and data centers which support this burgeoning cloud computing business, with a focus on the company’s existing infrastructure locations and where future deployments will be built.

How Many Data Centers Does Google Cloud Have?

Google Cloud currently has 39 regions in operation and a further 10 under development, meaning that the company will have a total of 49 regions available by the end of 2024. Within each Google Cloud region are 3 to 4 deployment areas that map to clusters of data centers with distinct physical infrastructure (i.e., power, cooling, and networking), known by Google as zones, and commonly referred to by other cloud service providers as availability zones.

Presently, Google Cloud has 118 zones in operation and a further 30 under development, meaning that the company will have a total of 148 zones existing by the end of 2024.

Google Cloud Regions and Zones

Below is an illustration of the layout of Google Cloud’s regions and zones. For example, europe-west2 is a Google Cloud region located in London, United Kingdom, which has 3 zones, known as europe-west2-a, europe-west2-b, and europe-west2-c.

Google Cloud customers can deploy resources and workloads across multiple zones to help protect against unexpected failures, which cannot always be done through a single, private data center.

In the cloud service provider (CSP) domain, Google Cloud’s main competitors include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Oracle Cloud, and Alibaba Cloud.

READ MORE: Top 10 Cloud Service Providers Globally in 2023

Where Are Google Cloud’s Regions and Zones Located?

Google Cloud’s regions and zones (also known as availability zones) are physical locations where the company clusters data centers around the world. Below is a summary of Google Cloud’s – operating and future – 49 regions and 148 availability zones throughout the United States, Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific, as well as in the Middle East and Africa.

United States

In the United States, Google Cloud operates 9 regions and 28 availability zones. Specifically, Google operates facilities in the following markets: Council Bluffs, Iowa; Moncks Corner, South Carolina; Ashburn, Virginia; Columbus, Ohio; Dallas, Texas; The Dalles, Oregon; Los Angeles, California; Salt Lake City, Utah; and Las Vegas, Nevada.

Regions

Within these markets, Google Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Iowa (us-central1), South Carolina (us-east1), Northern Virginia (us-east4), Columbus (us-east5), Dallas (us-south1), Oregon (us-west1), Los Angeles (us-west2), Salt Lake City (us-west3), and Las Vegas (us-west4).

United States – Regions and Availability Zones

Regions	Code	Zones	Location	State	Opened
Iowa	us-central1	4	Council Bluffs	Iowa	2013
South Carolina	us-east1	3	Moncks Corner	South Carolina	2015
Northern Virginia	us-east4	3	Ashburn	Virginia	2017
Columbus	us-east5	3	Columbus	Ohio	2022
Dallas	us-south1	3	Dallas	Texas	2022
Oregon	us-west1	3	The Dalles	Oregon	2013
Los Angeles	us-west2	3	Los Angeles	California	2018
Salt Lake City	us-west3	3	Salt Lake City	Utah	2020
Las Vegas	us-west4	3	Las Vegas	Nevada	2020
Total	—	28	—	—	—

Americas

In the Americas, Google Cloud operates or is planning 5 regions and 15 availability zones. Particularly, Google Cloud is available or will be opening in the following markets: Montréal (Québec), Canada; Toronto (Ontario), Canada; São Paulo (Osasco), Brazil; Santiago, Chile; and Querétaro, Mexico.

Regions

Within these locations, Google Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Montréal (northamerica-northeast1), Toronto (northamerica-northeast2), São Paulo (southamerica-east1), and Santiago (southamerica-west1). While Google will be opening its next Americas data center region in Querétaro, Mexico, in 2023 or 2024.

Americas – Regions and Availability Zones

Regions	Code	Zones	Location	Country	Opened
Montréal	northamerica-northeast1	3	Montréal	Canada	2018
Toronto	northamerica-northeast2	3	Toronto	Canada	2021
São Paulo	southamerica-east1	3	São Paulo	Brazil	2017
Santiago	southamerica-west1	3	Santiago	Chile	2021
Querétaro	TBD*	3	Querétaro	Mexico	Future
Total	—	15	—	—	—

Europe

In Europe, Google Cloud operates or is planning 16 regions and 48 availability zones. Presently, Google Cloud is available or will be opening in the following markets: Warsaw, Poland; Hamina, Finland; Madrid, Spain; St. Ghislain, Belgium; London, United Kingdom; Frankfurt, Germany; Eemshaven, Netherlands; Zürich, Switzerland; Milan, Italy; Paris, France; Berlin (including Brandenburg), Germany; Turin, Italy; Vienna, Austria; Athens, Greece; Oslo, Norway; and Stockholm, Sweden.

Regions

Within these markets, Google Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Warsaw (europe-central2); Finland (europe-north1); Madrid (europe-southwest1); Belgium (europe-west1); London (europe-west2); Frankfurt (europe-west3); Netherlands (europe-west4); Zürich (europe-west6); Milan (europe-west8); Paris (europe-west9); Berlin (europe-west10); and Turin (europe-west12).

Additionally, Google Cloud is establishing its next four Europe data center regions in Vienna, Austria; Athens, Greece; Oslo, Norway; and Stockholm, Sweden.

Europe – Regions and Availability Zones

Regions	Code	Zones	Location	Country	Opened
Warsaw	europe-central2	3	Warsaw	Poland	2021
Finland	europe-north1	3	Hamina	Finland	2018
Madrid	europe-southwest1	3	Madrid	Spain	2022
Belgium	europe-west1	3	St. Ghislain	Belgium	2013
London	europe-west2	3	London	United Kingdom	2017
Frankfurt	europe-west3	3	Frankfurt	Germany	2017
Netherlands	europe-west4	3	Eemshaven	Netherlands	2018
Zürich	europe-west6	3	Zürich	Switzerland	2019
Milan	europe-west8	3	Milan	Italy	2022
Paris	europe-west9	3	Paris	France	2022
Berlin	europe-west10	3	Berlin	Germany	2023
Turin	europe-west12	3	Turin	Italy	2023
Austria	TBD*	3	Vienna	Austria	Future
Greece	TBD*	3	Athens	Greece	Future
Norway	TBD*	3	Oslo	Norway	Future
Sweden	TBD*	3	Stockholm	Sweden	Future
Total	—	48	—	—	—

Asia Pacific

In Asia Pacific, Google Cloud operates or is planning 14 regions and 42 availability zones. Specifically, Google Cloud is available or will be opening in the following markets: Changhua County, Taiwan; Hong Kong, SAR; Tokyo, Japan; Osaka, Japan; Seoul, South Korea; Mumbai, India; Delhi, India; Jurong West, Singapore; Jakarta, Indonesia; Sydney, Australia; Melbourne, Australia; Auckland, New Zealand; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and Bangkok, Thailand.

Regions

Within these locations, Google Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Taiwan (asia-east1), Hong Kong (asia-east2), Tokyo (asia-northeast1), Osaka (asia-northeast2), Seoul (asia-northeast3), Mumbai (asia-south1), Delhi (asia-south2), Singapore (asia-southeast1), Jakarta (asia-southeast2), Sydney (australia-southeast1), and Melbourne (australia-southeast2).

In addition, Google Cloud is establishing its next three Asia Pacific data center regions in Auckland, New Zealand; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and Bangkok, Thailand.

Asia Pacific – Regions and Availability Zones

Regions	Code	Zones	Location	Country	Opened
Taiwan	asia-east1	3	Changhua County	Taiwan	2014
Hong Kong	asia-east2	3	Hong Kong	SAR	2018
Tokyo	asia-northeast1	3	Tokyo	Japan	2016
Osaka	asia-northeast2	3	Osaka	Japan	2019
Seoul	asia-northeast3	3	Seoul	South Korea	2020
Mumbai	asia-south1	3	Mumbai	India	2017
Delhi	asia-south2	3	Delhi	India	2021
Singapore	asia-southeast1	3	Jurong West	Singapore	2017
Jakarta	asia-southeast2	3	Jakarta	Indonesia	2020
Sydney	australia-southeast1	3	Sydney	Australia	2017
Melbourne	australia-southeast2	3	Melbourne	Australia	2021
New Zealand	TBD*	3	Auckland	New Zealand	Future
Malaysia	TBD*	3	Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	Future
Thailand	TBD*	3	Bangkok	Thailand	Future
Total	—	42	—	—	—

Middle East and Africa

In the Middle East and Africa, Google Cloud operates or is planning 5 regions and 15 availability zones. Particularly, Google Cloud is available or will be opening in the following markets: Tel Aviv, Israel; Doha, Qatar; Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Kuwait City, Kuwait.

Regions

Within these markets, Google Cloud operates data centers in the following regions: Tel Aviv (me-west1), Doha (me-central1), and Dammam (me-central2). Additionally, Google Cloud is establishing its next two Middle East and Africa data center regions in Johannesburg, South Africa and Kuwait City, Kuwait.

Middle East and Africa – Regions and Availability Zones

Regions	Code	Zones	Location	Country	Opened
Tel Aviv	me-west1	3	Tel Aviv	Israel	2022
Doha	me-central1	3	Doha	Qatar	2023
Dammam	me-central2	3	Dammam	Saudi Arabia	2023
Johannesburg	TBD*	3	Johannesburg	South Africa	Future
Kuwait	TBD*	3	Kuwait City	Kuwait	Future
Total	—	15	—	—	—

Where Are Google’s Data Centers Located?

In total, Google has 35 owned data centers either in operation or under development across more than 10 countries throughout the world. Google owns and operates these data centers to keep its products running and the internet functioning 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Google Owned Data Center Locations

United States

Google operates or is building 23 data centers in 15 states across the U.S., including Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.

United States – Google Data Centers

Below is a summary of Google’s United States data center locations, including each of their addresses:

Address	City	County	State
1430 Veterans Memorial Highway	Council Bluffs	Pottawattamie	Iowa
10410 Bunge Avenue	Council Bluffs	Pottawattamie	Iowa
Parvin Road and Arlington Avenue	Kansas City	Jackson	Missouri
North 56th Street and Interstate 80	Lincoln	Lancaster	Nebraska
14706 Schram Road	Papillion	Sarpy	Nebraska
Blair High Road and State Street	Union	Cass	Nebraska
104 Whiley Road	Lancaster	Fairfield	Ohio
5076 South High Street	Lockbourne	Franklin	Ohio
1101 Beech Road SW	New Albany	Franklin	Ohio
48809 AL Highway 277	Bridgeport	Jackson	Alabama
300 Riverside Parkway	Lithia Springs	Douglas	Georgia
708 Lynhaven Drive	Lenoir	Caldwell	North Carolina
1669 Garrott Avenue	Moncks Corner	Berkeley	South Carolina
100 Solar Way	Clarksville	Montgomery	Tennessee
42575 Arcola Boulevard	Sterling	Loudoun	Virginia
20491 Goose Landing Lane	Leesburg	Loudoun	Virginia
Sossaman Road and Elliot Road	Mesa	Maricopa	Arizona
4581 Webb Street	Pryor	Mayes	Oklahoma
3800 Railport Parkway	Midlothian	Ellis	Texas
156 Austin Boulevard	Red Oak	Ellis	Texas
540 & 560 W Warm Springs Road	Henderson	Clark	Nevada
7400 USA Parkway	Sparks	Storey	Nevada
4200 Columbia Road	The Dalles	Wasco	Oregon

Facility-level investment and employment details for each of Google’s United States data center locations, grouped by region, are as follows:

Midwest – United States – Google Data Centers

• Council Bluffs: Google has invested a total of $5 billion into its two data center campuses in Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie County, Iowa, creating jobs for over 900 people on-site
• Papillion: Google is investing a total of $600 million into its campus in Papillion, Sarpy County, Nebraska. Overall, Google has more than 120 full-time employees in Nebraska
• New Albany: Google is investing a total of $600 million into its campus in New Albany, Franklin County, Ohio. Overall, Google has more than 210 full-time employees in Ohio

Southeast – United States – Google Data Centers

• Bridgeport: Google has invested a total of $600 million into its data center campus in Bridgeport, Jackson County, Alabama, creating jobs for over 100 people on-site and more than 230 in the state
• Lithia Springs: Google has invested over $1.2 billion into its campus in Lithia Springs, Douglas County, Georgia, creating jobs for over 500 people in the state
• Lenoir: Google has invested a total of $1.2 billion into its campus in Lenoir, Caldwell County, North Carolina, creating jobs for more than 250 people on-site and over 340 in the state
• Moncks Corner: Google has invested a total of $2.4 billion into its campus in Moncks Corner, Berkeley County, South Carolina, creating jobs for more than 400 people on-site and over 750 in the state
• Clarksville: Google is investing a total of $600 million into its campus in Clarksville, Montgomery County, Tennessee, which will employ more than 70 personnel once fully operational
• Sterling and Leesburg: Google has invested a total of $1.2 billion into its two campuses in Sterling and Leesburg, which are both part of Loudoun County, Virginia. Overall, Google has more than 480 full-time employees in Virginia

Southwest – United States – Google Data Centers

• Pryor: Google has invested a total of $4.4 billion into its data center campus in Pryor, Mayes County, Oklahoma, creating jobs for more than 800 people on-site
• Midlothian: Google is investing a total of $600 million into its campus in Midlothian, Ellis County, Texas. Overall, Google has more than 2,400 full-time employees in Texas

West – United States – Google Data Centers

• Henderson: Google is investing a total of $1.2 billion into its data center campus in Henderson, Clark County, Nevada. Together with Google’s data center campus in Sparks, the company plans to invest $1.8 billion in Nevada and has created jobs for more than 200 people in the state
• Sparks: Google has invested a total of $600 million into its campus in Sparks, Storey County, Nevada
• The Dalles: Google has invested a total of $1.8 billion into its campus in The Dalles, Wasco County, Oregon, creating jobs for over 200 people on-site

Americas

Google operates one data center and is building a second facility in the Americas. These facilities are located in the city of Beauharnois, Québec, Canada – which is located just outside of Montréal – and the municipality of Quilicura, near Santiago, Chile. Google estimates that its long-term investment in its data center campus in Quilicura, Chile, will exceed $290 million.

Below is a summary of Google’s Americas data center locations, including each of their addresses:

Address	Location	Metro	Country
Chemin de la Rivière-Saint-Louis N	Beauharnois	Montréal	Canada
El Molino 2130	Quilicura	Santiago	Chile

Europe

Google operates or is building 7 data centers in 5 countries across Europe, namely Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, and the Netherlands.

Europe – Google Data Centers

Below is a summary of Google’s Europe data center locations, including each of their addresses:

Address	Location	Metro / Region	Country
Ecopôle Business Park	Farciennes	Wallonia	Belgium
Rue de Ghlin 100, 7331	St. Ghislain / Mons	Wallonia	Belgium
Prinsessens Kvartér 10, 7000	Fredericia	Jutland	Denmark
Ensontie 1, 49420	Hamina	Kymenlaakso	Finland
22 Baldonnel Road	Aungierstown	Dublin	Ireland
Oostpolder 4, 9979 XT	Eemshaven	Groningen	Netherlands
Tussenweg 12, 1775 RK	Middenmeer	Amsterdam	Netherlands

Facility-level investment and employment details for each of Google’s Europe data center locations are as follows:

• Belgium: Google has invested a total of nearly €3 billion into its data center campus near the towns of St. Ghislain and Mons, in Wallonia, Belgium
• Denmark: Google has invested a total of €600 million into its campus in Fredericia, Jutland, Denmark, creating jobs for around 150 people on-site
• Finland: Google has invested a total of €1.2 billion into its campus in Hamina, Kymenlaakso, Finland
• Ireland: Google has invested a total of €500 million into its campus in Aungierstown, Dublin, Ireland, which is specifically located in the Grange Castle Business Park South
• Netherlands: Google has invested a total of €2.5 billion into its two campuses in Eemshaven and Middenmeer, in the Netherlands, which together have created jobs for around 600 people on-site

Asia Pacific

Google operates 3 data centers in 3 countries across Asia Pacific, namely Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan.

Below is a summary of Google’s Asia Pacific data center locations, including each of their addresses:

Address	Location	Region	Country
2 Chome-4 Kagurominami	Inzai	Chiba Prefecture	Japan
2 Jurong West Street 23	Jurong West	West Region	Singapore
No. 85, Zhangbin West 2nd Road	Xianxi Township	Changhua County	Taiwan

Facility-level investment and employment details for each of Google’s Asia Pacific data center locations are as follows:

• Japan: Google plans to invest a total of $730 million into infrastructure in Japan, which includes its data center campus in Inzai, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
• Singapore: Google has invested a total of $850 million into its campus in Jurong West, Singapore
• Taiwan: Google has invested a total of $600 million into its campus in Xianxi Township, Changhua County, Taiwan

How Does Google Select a Data Center Location?

Google selects a data center location using a number of site selection criteria, including energy infrastructure, proximity to Google’s end users, available workforce, available land, exposure to natural disasters, fiber connectivity, and sustainable energy.

Below are further details on Google’s seven main criteria groups for selecting a data center location:

1. Energy Infrastructure: Google’s multi-megawatt data center deployments require abundant and low-cost power, as well as the appropriate energy infrastructure such as overhead power transmission lines
2. Proximity to End Users: Google builds data centers in close proximity to large population clusters to ensure that its various services – such as Google Cloud, Gmail, Search, and YouTube – can respond quickly to end user demands
3. Workforce: Available information technology and engineering workforce, as well as personnel for roles in operations, maintenance, and security, are all critical for running data centers
4. Land: Google requires available land parcels, comprising tens of acres – and often 100+ acres – in order to build-out each of its massive data center locations
5. Natural Disasters: Areas that are prone to earthquakes, extreme weather events (e.g., hurricanes and tornadoes), or floods are not good candidates to build data centers that house thousands of servers
6. Fiber Connectivity: Latency limits and distance to nearby points of presence (PoPs), or network access points (NAPs), is a major consideration
7. Sustainable Energy: Since power is a high ongoing cost and impacts the environment, Google seeks reliable and efficient carbon-free energy options to enable sustainable operations

Once a data center location is chosen and land is acquired, then Google can commence data center construction. Overall, Google’s data center construction projects are generally multi-year developments with multiple phases, where the company acquires suitable land and buildings, constructs buildings, and secures and installs information technology infrastructure, such as servers.

READ MORE: How Much Does it Cost to Build a Data Center?